Amr R. Abdel-Dayem and Mahmoud R. El-Sakka, "Diffusion-based 
                  Detection of Carotid Artery Lumen from Ultrasound Images", 
                  International Conference on Image Analysis and Recognition, 
                  ICIAR'2009, LNCS 5627, pp. 782-791, Springer-Verlag Berlin 
                  Heidelberg, July 2009, Halifax, Canada.
               
               
               
               Abstract
               
               
               
                  This paper presents an experimental study on the effect of 
                  using diffusion-based filters on segmenting carotid artery 
                  ultrasound images. Moreover, comparisons with other 
                  segmentation schemes, found in literature, were conducted. In 
                  this study, the segmentation process starts with the original 
                  ultrasound image as the initial image uo (the image at time 
                  t=0). Then, the image diffuses as the time t advances until a 
                  steady state is reached. At steady state, the real component 
                  of the diffused image will be a smoothed version of the input 
                  image, whereas the imaginary component will approximate a 
                  smoothed second derivative, which is used to extract the 
                  artery contours. The experimental results demonstrated the 
                  efficiency of diffusion-based filters in segmenting carotid 
                  artery ultrasound images.